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Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference
The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC) is an association of the headmasters or headmistresses of 275 independent schools (both boarding schools and day schools) in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and the Republic of Ireland. There are also International Members (mostly from the Commonwealth) and 30〔http://www.hmc.org.uk/about-hmc/membership/additional-membership/〕 Associate Members who are head teachers of state schools or other influential individuals in the world of education, who endorse and support the work of HMC.
== History ==
The Conference dates from 1869 when Edward Thring, Headmaster of Uppingham, asked sixty to seventy of his fellow headmasters〔Leinster-Mackay, Donald P. ''The educational world of Edward Thring: a centenary study'', Falmer Press, 1987, ISBN 1-85000-253-3, ISBN 978-1-85000-253-6. p. 100〕〔Other sources including some Headmasters' Conference papers say "Uppingham asked thirty-seven of his fellow headmasters ..." (Headmasters' Conference. ''Independent schools yearbook: Official book of reference at the Headmasters' Conference ...'', A & C Black, 1987 (p. xlv ))〕 to meet at his house to consider the formation of a "School Society and Annual Conference".〔Headmasters' Conference, ''The Public and preparatory schools year book'', Adam & Charles Black, 1968 (p. 3 )〕 Fourteen accepted the invitation,〔 and twelve were present for the whole of the initial meeting: Thring himself, George Blore (Bromsgrove), Albert Wratislaw (Bury St Edmunds), John Mitchinson (The King's School, Canterbury), William Grignon (Felsted), Robert Sanderson (Lancing College), George Butler (Liverpool College), Augustus Jessopp (Norwich School), William Wood (Oakham), Steuart Pears (Repton), T. H. Stokoe (Richmond), Daniel Harper (Sherborne), and James Welldon (Tonbridge). John Dyne (Highgate School) attended on the second day, and Alfred Carver (Dulwich College) did not turn up.〔Edward Thring (Uppingham School), (Bromsgrove School), (Bury St Edmunds), (The King's School, Canterbury), (Felsted School), (Lancing College), (Liverpool College), (Norwich School), (Oakham School), (Repton School), (Richmond), (Sherborne School) and (Tonbridge School).( Source "The public schools and the general educational system: Report of the Committee on public schools appointed by the president of the Board of education in July 1942, Volume 1942, Part 3", H. M. Stationery Off., 1944, (p. 29 ))〕 From that date there have been annual meetings. It changed its name from the "Headmasters' Conference" to the "Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference" in 1996.〔 The current Chairman is Christopher King, Headmaster of Leicester Grammar School, and the current general secretary is William Richardson.
Membership of the HMC is often considered to be what defines a school as a public school in England and Wales.〔Tony Halpin ''(Public schools plead to be let off fines over fee-fixing )'' in ''The Times'' 1 October 2005 "''The Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference of leading public schools is due to hold its annual conference next week.''"〕〔"Our Election Manifesto and The Queen's Speech both speak of 'public schools'. The only practicable definition of these (which was broadly that used by the Fleming Committee (''The Public Schools and the general education system''. Report of the Committee on Public School Appointed by the President of the Board of Education in July 1942. Published 1944)) is 'schools now in membership of the Headmasters Conference, Governing Bodies Association or Governing Bodies of Girls' Schools Association'"(〕 Not all private, independent schools are in the HMC; in particular, many notable girls' schools, are not members, partly because historically the HMC was for boys' schools only. Today HMC's membership includes boys', girls' and co-educational schools.
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